What does sexual dimorphism refer to in species?

Sexual dimorphism refers to the condition in which the two sexes of the same species exhibit different characteristics beyond the differences in their sexual organs. This can include variations in size, color, shape, or other physical traits. The concept is prevalent in various species, where males and females may have distinct appearances that can be driven by factors such as natural selection and mating preferences.

For example, in many bird species, males might have bright plumage to attract females, while females are often more muted in color to help with camouflage during nesting. This difference not only helps in mate selection but also has implications for the survival of the species. The presence of sexual dimorphism is a significant insight into the biology and ecological strategies of different species.

Thus, recognizing the differences in appearances between males and females is crucial for understanding sexual dimorphism in a species.